ABAP ALV mit CL_SALV_TABLE: Moderne Tabellenanzeige

DATA: lo_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.

TRY.
    " ALV erstellen
    cl_salv_table=>factory(
      IMPORTING r_salv_table = lo_alv
      CHANGING  t_table      = lt_data
    ).

    " Konfiguration...

    " Anzeigen
    lo_alv->display( ).

  CATCH cx_salv_msg INTO DATA(lx_error).
    WRITE: / lx_error->get_text( ).
ENDTRY.

REPORT z_alv_simple.

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_customer,
         id    TYPE i,
         name  TYPE string,
         city  TYPE string,
       END OF ty_customer.

DATA: lt_customers TYPE TABLE OF ty_customer,
      lo_alv       TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.

" Testdaten
lt_customers = VALUE #(
  ( id = 1 name = 'Müller GmbH'  city = 'Berlin' )
  ( id = 2 name = 'Schmidt AG'  city = 'München' )
  ( id = 3 name = 'Weber KG'    city = 'Hamburg' )
).

TRY.
    cl_salv_table=>factory(
      IMPORTING r_salv_table = lo_alv
      CHANGING  t_table      = lt_customers
    ).

    lo_alv->display( ).

  CATCH cx_salv_msg.
ENDTRY.

DATA: lo_columns TYPE REF TO cl_salv_columns_table,
      lo_column  TYPE REF TO cl_salv_column.

TRY.
    cl_salv_table=>factory(
      IMPORTING r_salv_table = lo_alv
      CHANGING  t_table      = lt_customers
    ).

    " Spalten-Objekt holen
    lo_columns = lo_alv->get_columns( ).

    " Spaltenbreite optimieren
    lo_columns->set_optimize( abap_true ).

    " Einzelne Spalte konfigurieren
    lo_column = lo_columns->get_column( 'ID' ).
    lo_column->set_short_text( 'ID' ).
    lo_column->set_medium_text( 'Kunden-ID' ).
    lo_column->set_long_text( 'Kundennummer' ).
    lo_column->set_output_length( 10 ).

    lo_column = lo_columns->get_column( 'NAME' ).
    lo_column->set_long_text( 'Kundenname' ).

    lo_column = lo_columns->get_column( 'CITY' ).
    lo_column->set_long_text( 'Stadt' ).

    lo_alv->display( ).

  CATCH cx_salv_not_found cx_salv_msg.
ENDTRY.

TRY.
    lo_column = lo_columns->get_column( 'INTERNAL_FIELD' ).
    lo_column->set_visible( abap_false ).
  CATCH cx_salv_not_found.
ENDTRY.

DATA: lo_functions TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functions_list.

" Alle Standardfunktionen aktivieren
lo_functions = lo_alv->get_functions( ).
lo_functions->set_all( abap_true ).

" Oder einzelne Funktionen
lo_functions->set_export_xml( abap_true ).
lo_functions->set_export_spreadsheet( abap_true ).
lo_functions->set_print( abap_true ).
lo_functions->set_find( abap_true ).
lo_functions->set_aggregation( abap_true ).
lo_functions->set_filter( abap_true ).
lo_functions->set_sort_asc( abap_true ).
lo_functions->set_sort_desc( abap_true ).

DATA: lo_sorts TYPE REF TO cl_salv_sorts.

lo_sorts = lo_alv->get_sorts( ).

TRY.
    " Nach Stadt sortieren (aufsteigend)
    lo_sorts->add_sort(
      columnname = 'CITY'
      position   = 1
      sequence   = if_salv_c_sort=>sort_up
    ).

    " Zweite Sortierung nach Name
    lo_sorts->add_sort(
      columnname = 'NAME'
      position   = 2
      sequence   = if_salv_c_sort=>sort_up
    ).
  CATCH cx_salv_not_found cx_salv_existing cx_salv_data_error.
ENDTRY.

DATA: lo_filters TYPE REF TO cl_salv_filters.

lo_filters = lo_alv->get_filters( ).

TRY.
    " Nach Stadt filtern
    lo_filters->add_filter(
      columnname = 'CITY'
      sign       = 'I'
      option     = 'EQ'
      low        = 'Berlin'
    ).
  CATCH cx_salv_not_found cx_salv_existing cx_salv_data_error.
ENDTRY.

DATA: lo_aggregations TYPE REF TO cl_salv_aggregations.

lo_aggregations = lo_alv->get_aggregations( ).

TRY.
    " Summe für Betrags-Spalte
    lo_aggregations->add_aggregation(
      columnname  = 'AMOUNT'
      aggregation = if_salv_c_aggregation=>total
    ).

    " Durchschnitt
    lo_aggregations->add_aggregation(
      columnname  = 'QUANTITY'
      aggregation = if_salv_c_aggregation=>average
    ).
  CATCH cx_salv_not_found cx_salv_existing cx_salv_data_error.
ENDTRY.

DATA: lo_display TYPE REF TO cl_salv_display_settings.

lo_display = lo_alv->get_display_settings( ).

" Zebra-Muster (abwechselnde Zeilenfarben)
lo_display->set_striped_pattern( abap_true ).

" Titel setzen
lo_display->set_list_header( 'Kundenliste' ).

" Horizontale Linien
lo_display->set_horizontal_lines( abap_true ).

" Vertikale Linien
lo_display->set_vertical_lines( abap_true ).

" Event-Handler Klasse
CLASS lcl_event_handler DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    METHODS: on_double_click
      FOR EVENT double_click OF cl_salv_events_table
      IMPORTING row column.

    METHODS: on_link_click
      FOR EVENT link_click OF cl_salv_events_table
      IMPORTING row column.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS lcl_event_handler IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD on_double_click.
    " Daten lesen
    READ TABLE lt_customers INTO DATA(ls_cust) INDEX row.
    IF sy-subrc = 0.
      MESSAGE |Doppelklick auf { ls_cust-name }| TYPE 'I'.
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD on_link_click.
    MESSAGE |Link geklickt: Zeile { row }, Spalte { column }| TYPE 'I'.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.


" Hauptprogramm
DATA: lo_events  TYPE REF TO cl_salv_events_table,
      lo_handler TYPE REF TO lcl_event_handler.

TRY.
    cl_salv_table=>factory(
      IMPORTING r_salv_table = lo_alv
      CHANGING  t_table      = lt_customers
    ).

    " Event-Handler registrieren
    lo_events = lo_alv->get_event( ).
    lo_handler = NEW #( ).

    SET HANDLER lo_handler->on_double_click FOR lo_events.
    SET HANDLER lo_handler->on_link_click FOR lo_events.

    lo_alv->display( ).

  CATCH cx_salv_msg.
ENDTRY.

TRY.
    lo_column = lo_columns->get_column( 'ID' ).

    " Spalte als Hotspot (Link) markieren
    lo_column->set_cell_type( if_salv_c_cell_type=>hotspot ).

  CATCH cx_salv_not_found.
ENDTRY.

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_colored_line,
         id      TYPE i,
         name    TYPE string,
         status  TYPE c LENGTH 1,
         t_color TYPE lvc_t_scol,  " Farbinformationen
       END OF ty_colored_line.

DATA: lt_data TYPE TABLE OF ty_colored_line,
      ls_color TYPE lvc_s_scol.

" Daten mit Farben füllen
lt_data = VALUE #(
  ( id = 1 name = 'OK'     status = 'G' )
  ( id = 2 name = 'Error'  status = 'R' )
  ( id = 3 name = 'Warning' status = 'Y' )
).

" Farben setzen
LOOP AT lt_data ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_line>).
  CLEAR ls_color.
  ls_color-fname = 'STATUS'.

  CASE <ls_line>-status.
    WHEN 'G'.
      ls_color-color-col = col_positive.  " Grün
    WHEN 'R'.
      ls_color-color-col = col_negative.  " Rot
    WHEN 'Y'.
      ls_color-color-col = col_total.     " Gelb
  ENDCASE.

  APPEND ls_color TO <ls_line>-t_color.
ENDLOOP.

" ALV mit Farben
TRY.
    cl_salv_table=>factory(
      IMPORTING r_salv_table = lo_alv
      CHANGING  t_table      = lt_data
    ).

    " Farbspalte zuweisen
    lo_columns = lo_alv->get_columns( ).
    lo_columns->set_color_column( 'T_COLOR' ).

    " Farbspalte ausblenden
    lo_column = lo_columns->get_column( 'T_COLOR' ).
    lo_column->set_visible( abap_false ).

    lo_alv->display( ).

  CATCH cx_salv_not_found cx_salv_msg.
ENDTRY.

DATA: lo_layout TYPE REF TO cl_salv_layout,
      ls_key    TYPE salv_s_layout_key.

" Layout-Key definieren
ls_key-report = sy-repid.

lo_layout = lo_alv->get_layout( ).
lo_layout->set_key( ls_key ).

" Benutzer kann Layout speichern
lo_layout->set_save_restriction( if_salv_c_layout=>restrict_none ).

" Standard-Layout
lo_layout->set_default( abap_true ).

" Nur in Fullscreen-Modus möglich!
DATA: lo_functions TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functions.

" Status-GUI setzen (für eigene Buttons)
lo_alv->set_screen_status(
  pfstatus      = 'ZSTATUS'
  report        = sy-repid
  set_functions = lo_alv->c_functions_all
).

" Event-Handler für Benutzerbefehl
CLASS lcl_handler DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    METHODS: on_user_command
      FOR EVENT added_function OF cl_salv_events
      IMPORTING e_salv_function.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS lcl_handler IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD on_user_command.
    CASE e_salv_function.
      WHEN 'ZREFRESH'.
        " Daten aktualisieren
        refresh_data( ).
        lo_alv->refresh( ).

      WHEN 'ZEXPORT'.
        " Eigener Export
        export_data( ).
    ENDCASE.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.


" Handler registrieren
DATA: lo_events TYPE REF TO cl_salv_events.

lo_events = lo_alv->get_event( ).
SET HANDLER lo_handler->on_user_command FOR lo_events.

" Für Screen-Programmierung
DATA: lo_container TYPE REF TO cl_gui_custom_container.

" Container erstellen (im Screen: Custom Control 'CC_ALV')
lo_container = NEW #( container_name = 'CC_ALV' ).

TRY.
    " ALV in Container
    cl_salv_table=>factory(
      EXPORTING r_container  = lo_container
      IMPORTING r_salv_table = lo_alv
      CHANGING  t_table      = lt_data
    ).

    " Konfiguration...

    lo_alv->display( ).

  CATCH cx_salv_msg.
ENDTRY.

" Daten wurden geändert
lt_customers = VALUE #(
  ( id = 1 name = 'Neu' city = 'Berlin' )
  ( id = 2 name = 'Aktualisiert' city = 'München' )
).

" ALV aktualisieren
lo_alv->refresh( ).

" Mit Scroll-Position beibehalten
lo_alv->refresh(
  s_stable = VALUE lvc_s_stbl( row = abap_true col = abap_true )
).

" Leider nicht direkt mit CL_SALV_TABLE möglich!
" Für editierbare ALV: CL_GUI_ALV_GRID verwenden

" Workaround: Nach Display Daten aus Tabelle lesen
" (Tabelle wurde als CHANGING übergeben)

DATA: lo_functions TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functions_list.

lo_functions = lo_alv->get_functions( ).

" Excel-Export aktivieren
lo_functions->set_export_spreadsheet( abap_true ).

" XML-Export
lo_functions->set_export_xml( abap_true ).

" Alle Export-Optionen
lo_functions->set_group_export( abap_true ).

REPORT z_alv_complete.

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_order,
         order_id   TYPE i,
         customer   TYPE string,
         amount     TYPE p DECIMALS 2,
         currency   TYPE waers,
         order_date TYPE d,
         status     TYPE c LENGTH 1,
       END OF ty_order.

DATA: lt_orders TYPE TABLE OF ty_order,
      lo_alv    TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.


CLASS lcl_handler DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
    METHODS: on_double_click
      FOR EVENT double_click OF cl_salv_events_table
      IMPORTING row column.
ENDCLASS.

CLASS lcl_handler IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD on_double_click.
    READ TABLE lt_orders INTO DATA(ls_order) INDEX row.
    IF sy-subrc = 0.
      MESSAGE |Bestellung { ls_order-order_id }: { ls_order-amount } { ls_order-currency }| TYPE 'I'.
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.


START-OF-SELECTION.
  " Testdaten
  lt_orders = VALUE #(
    ( order_id = 1001 customer = 'Müller'  amount = '1500.00' currency = 'EUR' order_date = '20241101' status = 'A' )
    ( order_id = 1002 customer = 'Schmidt' amount = '2300.50' currency = 'EUR' order_date = '20241105' status = 'A' )
    ( order_id = 1003 customer = 'Weber'   amount = '890.00'  currency = 'EUR' order_date = '20241110' status = 'O' )
    ( order_id = 1004 customer = 'Bauer'   amount = '3200.00' currency = 'EUR' order_date = '20241112' status = 'A' )
    ( order_id = 1005 customer = 'Klein'   amount = '450.75'  currency = 'EUR' order_date = '20241115' status = 'X' )
  ).

  TRY.
      " ALV erstellen
      cl_salv_table=>factory(
        IMPORTING r_salv_table = lo_alv
        CHANGING  t_table      = lt_orders
      ).

      " Toolbar aktivieren
      DATA(lo_functions) = lo_alv->get_functions( ).
      lo_functions->set_all( abap_true ).

      " Spalten konfigurieren
      DATA(lo_columns) = lo_alv->get_columns( ).
      lo_columns->set_optimize( abap_true ).

      DATA(lo_col_id) = lo_columns->get_column( 'ORDER_ID' ).
      lo_col_id->set_long_text( 'Bestellnummer' ).
      lo_col_id->set_cell_type( if_salv_c_cell_type=>hotspot ).

      DATA(lo_col_cust) = lo_columns->get_column( 'CUSTOMER' ).
      lo_col_cust->set_long_text( 'Kunde' ).

      DATA(lo_col_amt) = lo_columns->get_column( 'AMOUNT' ).
      lo_col_amt->set_long_text( 'Betrag' ).

      DATA(lo_col_date) = lo_columns->get_column( 'ORDER_DATE' ).
      lo_col_date->set_long_text( 'Bestelldatum' ).

      " Summe für Betrag
      DATA(lo_agg) = lo_alv->get_aggregations( ).
      lo_agg->add_aggregation( columnname = 'AMOUNT' aggregation = if_salv_c_aggregation=>total ).

      " Sortierung
      DATA(lo_sorts) = lo_alv->get_sorts( ).
      lo_sorts->add_sort( columnname = 'ORDER_DATE' sequence = if_salv_c_sort=>sort_down ).

      " Display-Settings
      DATA(lo_display) = lo_alv->get_display_settings( ).
      lo_display->set_striped_pattern( abap_true ).
      lo_display->set_list_header( 'Bestellübersicht' ).

      " Events
      DATA(lo_events) = lo_alv->get_event( ).
      DATA(lo_handler) = NEW lcl_handler( ).
      SET HANDLER lo_handler->on_double_click FOR lo_events.

      " Anzeigen
      lo_alv->display( ).

    CATCH cx_salv_msg cx_salv_not_found cx_salv_existing cx_salv_data_error INTO DATA(lx_error).
      WRITE: / lx_error->get_text( ).
  ENDTRY.